Sir James Black, a Scottish physician and pharmacologist, discovered the first beta-blocker drug (propranolol) in 1964, which laid the groundwork for preventing heart attacks and treating heart disease.

His inspiration came partly from his father’s sudden death from a heart attack when Black was a medical student, which drove him to find a way to stop adrenaline from overworking the heart.

Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for his pioneering drug design strategies.

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